Let’s address the elephant in the room—or rather, the mosquito. When planning a safari, health questions can trigger more anxiety than seeing your first lion. “Do I need all these shots?” “What if I get malaria?” “Will yellow fever ruin my trip?”
After helping over 5,000 travelers prepare for Tanzania, here’s what we know: Health preparation is simple when you have clear, updated information. This guide cuts through the confusion with straightforward advice from our on-the-ground team and returning travelers.
“The biggest health risk on safari isn’t rare diseases—it’s dehydration, sunburn, or a twisted ankle. Prepare properly, but don’t let fear overshadow your excitement.” – Dr. Mwanga, our recommended travel clinic contact in Arusha
Yellow Fever
Required if: You’re arriving from a country with yellow fever risk (most of sub-Saharan Africa, parts of South America)
Required if: You’ve transited through a yellow fever risk country for more than 12 hours
Proof: You MUST carry your International Certificate of Vaccination (the “yellow card”)
Exemptions: Children under 1 year, medical contraindications (with doctor’s letter)
Our Advice: Even if not required, consider getting it. Some African countries you might visit later require it.
Ensure your routine vaccines are up-to-date:
Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR)
Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis
Varicella (chickenpox)
Polio
Flu shot (recommended for travel during flu season)
| Vaccine | Why | Schedule |
|---|---|---|
| Hepatitis A | Food/water borne | 2 doses 6 months apart |
| Typhoid | Food/water borne | Shot or oral vaccine |
| Hepatitis B | Blood/body fluids | 3 doses over 6 months |
| Rabies | Animal bites | 3 doses (consider if doing walking safaris) |
| Cholera | Outbreaks occur | Oral vaccine (not always available) |
Unpredictable Safaris Insight:
“Most of our travelers get: Yellow Fever (if required), Hepatitis A, Typhoid, and routine updates. Rabies is a personal choice—we’ve never had a client need it, but it’s peace of mind for some. Discuss with a travel medicine specialist 4-6 weeks before departure.”
Malaria is present in all safari areas (Serengeti, Ngorongoro, Tarangire, etc.)
Lower risk: In high-altitude areas like Ngorongoro Crater rim
Higher risk: During rainy seasons (March-May, November)
No risk: Zanzibar’s beach resorts (but still present in Stone Town)
1. Anti-Malarial Medication (Pills)
| Type | How Taken | Best For | Side Effects |
|---|---|---|---|
| Malarone | Daily, start 1-2 days before | Short trips, minimal side effects | Rare: nausea, vivid dreams |
| Doxycycline | Daily, start 1-2 days before | Budget option, longer trips | Sun sensitivity, heartburn |
| Lariam/Mefloquine | Weekly, start 2-3 weeks before | Long trips, don’t want daily pill | Rare: anxiety, sleep disturbances |
2. Avoid Mosquito Bites
DEET repellent (30-50%) on exposed skin
Permethrin-treated clothing (lasts through multiple washes)
Sleep under bed nets (provided at all quality camps)
Wear long sleeves/pants at dawn and dusk
3. Know the Symptoms
Fever, chills, headache, muscle aches—seek medical attention immediately if symptoms appear within weeks of return.
Your policy MUST include:
Emergency medical evacuation (to Nairobi or home country)
Coverage for adventure activities (safari drives, walking safaris)
Coverage in remote areas
24/7 assistance line
We Recommend: World Nomads or SafetyWing for adventure travelers. Many standard policies exclude “high-risk” activities.
Beyond prescriptions, pack these essentials:
Medical Supplies:
Prescription medications (in original containers)
Malaria pills
Antibiotics for traveler’s diarrhea (ask your doctor)
Pain/fever relievers (acetaminophen, ibuprofen)
Antihistamines for allergies
Motion sickness medication (roads can be bumpy!)
Rehydration salts
First Aid & Prevention:
Band-aids, antiseptic wipes
Blister treatment (moleskin)
Hand sanitizer (60%+ alcohol)
High-SPF sunscreen
Lip balm with SPF
Insect repellent (small travel size + larger bottle)
Water purification tablets (backup only—we provide safe water)
The Golden Rules:
Water: Only drink bottled or purified water. All our vehicles carry unlimited safe drinking water.
Ice: Avoid it in drinks unless at high-end lodges.
Food: Eat cooked foods that are hot, peel fruits yourself, avoid buffet foods left out.
Handwashing: Wash frequently, especially before eating.
Good News: Most safari lodges and camps maintain excellent hygiene standards. Traveler’s diarrhea is less common on safari than in cities.
Current Status (Subject to Change):
No pre-travel testing required for vaccinated travelers
No vaccination proof required for entry
Health screening may occur at entry points
Recommendation: Bring at-home tests and masks for peace of mind
We monitor requirements daily and update all booked travelers immediately if anything changes.
For Travelers with:
Diabetes: Bring double supplies, carry in original containers with prescription
Allergies: Bring EpiPens, wear medical alert jewelry
Heart conditions: Carry a copy of your latest ECG
Pregnancy: Consult specialist; malaria risk requires careful planning
Altitude Considerations:
Ngorongoro Crater rim: 2,200 meters (7,200 feet)
Mild altitude sickness possible: headache, fatigue
Stay hydrated, ascend slowly, avoid alcohol first night